Satellites and light reflections help researchers spot coastal plastic
waste

Date:
February 2, 2022
Source:
RMIT University
Summary:
Geospatial scientists have found a way to detect plastic waste
on remote beaches that are not visible in conventional satellite
images, bringing us closer to global monitoring options.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Millions of tons of plastic enter the oceans every year. While stopping
this flow is crucial, so is tracking down what's already there so we
can clean it up.


==========================================================================
This cutting-edge research harnesses the latest in satellite technology
to do just that.

The study, now published in Remote Sensing, used the unique infrared
signals reflected by plastics to identify even tiny scraps amongst vast stretches of sand and rocks.

This sets the foundation for allowing plastics to be detected within
satellite images where plastics are smaller than a pixel.

Lead author of the study and PhD candidate Jenna Guffogg of RMIT
University in Melbourne, Australia said monitoring beaches rather than
oceans made sense because it's easier to remove the rubbish.

"Stopping plastic from entering the ocean is a global challenge. But if
we can find and remove them quickly, it's the next best thing," she said.



==========================================================================
"At the moment, plastic debris are tracked by passing vessels notifying authorities. Using satellites will allow more frequent and reliable observations.

"Our work could let organisations who do remote coastal and marine waste
clean- up management know where to focus their efforts." Guffogg and
her team completed fieldwork on the remote beaches of Australia's Cocos (Keeling) Islands, using sensing equipment to capture how infra-red
light was reflected by different types of plastic found on the Islands.

To calculate how much plastic washed up on the shore, researchers used
spectral library plots to compare plastics' reflectance with its cover.

They compared spectral readings from the weathered plastics with virgin plastics that hadn't been exposed to environmental degradation and found
little difference between results.



==========================================================================
This means despite the shape, colour or condition of the plastic, there's
a good chance it can be detected remotely, and the location shared with clean-up groups.

Other uses could include tracking an area's health, judging by the amount
of plastic in the environment.

RMIT Professor of Remote Sensing, Simon Jones, said the study was about
looking at ways we can use satellites to see things the human eye can't.

"In the next few years, we're going to launch satellites with even better remote sensing capabilities," he said.

"We're developing ways to use these new satellites in the fight against
marine waste." While the true extent of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands'
plastic problem is yet to be revealed, future studies Guffogg and the
team are working on aim to answer this.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by RMIT_University. Original written
by Aeden Ratcliffe.

Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Jenna A. Guffogg, Samantha M. Blades, Mariela Soto-Berelov, Chris J.

Bellman, Andrew K. Skidmore, Simon D. Jones. Quantifying
Marine Plastic Debris in a Beach Environment Using
Spectral Analysis. Remote Sensing, 2021; 13 (22): 4548 DOI:
10.3390/rs13224548 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/02/220202111841.htm

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