Scientists use GPS to track baboon troop's movement in urban spaces for
the first time

Date:
January 26, 2022
Source:
Swansea University
Summary:
In a unique study, researchers have used GPS collars to study the
collective behaviour of a troop of baboons living on the outskirts
of the City of Cape Town.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
In a unique study, researchers from Swansea University (UK) and the
University of Cape Town in South Africa have used GPS collars to study
the collective behaviour of a troop of baboons living on the outskirts
of the City of Cape Town.


==========================================================================
The GPS collars recorded the position of the baboons at every second and
the researchers found that in natural space the baboons showed typical
patterns of collective behaviour. By contrast, in urban areas, where
there are increased risks such as traffic but increased potential for calorie-rich human food rewards, the baboons moved more quickly, broke
up into sub-groups, and didn't coordinate their movements with each other.

Despite not coordinating their movements as they would in natural spaces,
the researchers found that leader-follower roles in the baboon troop
were similar in natural and urban space, with high-ranking adult males
having most influence on the movement of group members.

Anna Bracken from Swansea University, lead author of the study, which
is published inProceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences,
said: "We expected dominant baboons to have less influence on others'
movements in urban space because the troop social dynamics break down. But
we were surprised that the males continued to play an important role." Scientists are only just beginning to understand the collective behaviour
of wild social groups because of the challenges involved in observing lots
of individuals at the same time. Scientists know even less about whether collective behaviour changes in built-up environments like cities. This
is an important gap in knowledge given the increasing levels of spatial
overlap between wildlife and humans worldwide.

The surprising finding in this study is also positive news for the City
of Cape Town's Urban Baboon Programme, which aims to reduce negative interactions between humans and baboons.

"The baboon rangers are tasked with keeping baboons out of the city,
and by focussing on adult males, they indirectly deter most of the group
from urban space, because these males tend to be followed," said Professor Justin O'Riain of the University of Cape Town, co-author of the study.

The finding that the baboons show flexible group cohesion and
coordination, but robust leader-follower roles when moving in the city, highlights both flexibility and robustness in collective behaviour. The scientists are now using their dataset to look more closely at the
baboons' decisions to move in and out of natural and urban space.

Dr Andrew King, senior author of the study, explained: "When you
observe animals in real time you try and record everything in your
notebook or computer, but only capture a small amount of what is
happening. These GPS data provide us with a sort of time machine. We can
go back to specific events and zoom in on what the baboons are doing." ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by Swansea_University. Note: Content
may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Anna M. Bracken, Charlotte Christensen, M. Justin O'Riain, Ines
Fu"rtbauer, Andrew J. King. Flexible group cohesion and
coordination, but robust leader-follower roles, in a wild social
primate using urban space.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2022;
289 (1967) DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2141 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/01/220126144153.htm

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