• Mental illness associated with increased

    From ScienceDaily@1:317/3 to All on Tue Apr 19 22:30:44 2022
    Mental illness associated with increased death from cardiovascular
    disease

    Date:
    April 19, 2022
    Source:
    PLOS
    Summary:
    Compared to the general population, people with severe
    mental illness, including schizophrenia, have higher levels of
    cardiovascular-related mortality, and that association has become
    stronger over recent decades, according to a new study.



    FULL STORY ========================================================================== Compared to the general population, people with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, have higher levels of cardiovascular-related mortality, and that association has become stronger over recent decades, according to a new study publishing April 19 in PLOS Medicineby Amanda
    Lambert of the University of Birmingham, UK, and colleagues.


    ========================================================================== Previous research has identified higher incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease in people with severe mental illness, but it was
    not known whether that association has changed over time. The new study involved a systemic review and meta-analysis of 108 previous studies
    including over 30 million participants in high-income countries, all
    aged 16 to 65 years of age at onset of psychiatric disorder.

    The study found that, overall, the cardiovascular-related mortality
    rate for people with severe mental illness is about twice that of
    the general population (SMR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.61-2.39, p<0.001 for schizophrenia). People with schizophrenia are at greater risk than those
    with bipolar disorder, but the disparity exists across all types of severe mental illness and both cerebrovascular and cardiac mortality. For people
    with schizophrenia, the pooled hazard ratio/rate ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.44-2.24, p<0.001) compared to controls and the pooled standardized mortality ratio for cerebrovascular accidents was
    1.93 (95% CI: 1.63-2.28, p<0.001). For both schizophrenia and bipolar
    disorder, the association with cardiovascular- related mortality grew
    stronger between the 1970s and the 2000s. For instance, the hazard
    ratio/rate ratio for mortality from coronary heart disease in people
    with schizophrenia in the 1990s compared with the 1980s was 1.61 (95%
    CI: 1.14- 2.28, p=0.014).

    It was not possible to explore all possible confounders, such as smoking
    and obesity, and there was also considerable heterogeneity between
    the studies included in the meta-analysis. More research is needed to understand the reasons for the higher morbidity risk and to assess why
    it may have been worsening in recent decades.

    "The increased relative risk of CVD diagnosis in more recent decades
    may be a result of disparity in smoking prevalence between people with
    SMI and the general population or increased use of antipsychotics. The
    changes since the 1990s approximately coincide with the release of newer, second-generation antipsychotics which are known to have worse metabolic effects," the authors say.

    Lambert adds, "Our systematic review and meta-analysis of over 100
    studies has confirmed a strong association between severe mental illness
    and cardiovascular disease which became stronger in the 1990s and 2000s."

    ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by PLOS. Note: Content may be edited
    for style and length.


    ========================================================================== Journal Reference:
    1. Amanda M Lambert, Helen M Parretti, Emma Pearce, Malcolm J Price,
    Mark
    Riley, Ronan Ryan, Natalie Tyldesley-Marshall, Tuba Sayg&#305;n
    Av&#351;ar, Gemma Matthewman, Alexandra Lee, Khaled Ahmed,
    Maria Lisa Odland, Christoph U. Correll, Marco Solmi, Tom
    Marshall. Temporal trends in associations between severe mental
    illness and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review
    and meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine, 2022; 19 (4): e1003960 DOI:
    10.1371/journal.pmed.1003960 ==========================================================================

    Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220419140732.htm

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